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Expression status of GATA3 and mismatch repair proteins in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Yue Wang, Jinxia Zhang, Yunfan Wang, Shufang Wang, Yu Zhang, Qi Miao, Fei Gao, Huiying He

《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 730-740 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0687-7

摘要: GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency contribute to the development of urothelial carcinoma. However, the combined expression of GATA3 and microsatellite instability (MSI) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and its prognostic value have not been investigated. Here, we immunohistochemically stained GATA3 and MMR proteins in 108 UTUC samples. GATA3 was positive in 74 cases, and its expression was significantly lower than in adjacent benign urothelium ( <0.001). Loss of GATA3 expression was statistically associated with adverse clinicopathologic parameters, such as advanced stage, lymphovascular invasion, neural invasion, lymph node metastasis, and extensive necrosis. Cancer-specific survival (CSS, =0.028) and disease-free survival (DFS, =0.024) were significantly shorter in patients with GATA3 negative tumors than in patients with GATA3 positive tumors. The absence of MMR proteins was observed in 8.3% of the cases, and focal staining was identified in 13.0%. When using “lax criteria” which resulted in counting cases as negative where MMR staining was in fact focally positive (<5%), we found that GATA3 was inversely associated with MSI ( =0.005). Moreover, GATA3 /microsatellite stability (MS) tumors were correlated with advanced pT stage ( <0.001) and poor outcome ( =0.019 for CSS, =0.016 for DFS) compared with GATA3 /MSI ones. The GATA3 /MSI cases had unfavorable clinical outcomes compared with GATA3 /MSI cases ( =0.008 for CSS, =0.023 for DFS). This finding raises a question as to whether GATA3 interacts with MSI through the TGF- signaling pathway and regulates UTUC progression.

关键词: upper tract urothelial carcinoma     GATA binding protein 3     mismatch repair     microsatellite instability     prognosis    

Serologic study on the outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections caused by adenovirus 3

JIANG Lufang, JU Liwen, LIN Yuzun, ZHOU Liandi, YU Shunzhang, JIANG Qingwu, JIANG Renjie

《医学前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 215-218 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0041-3

摘要: From April to June, 2004, an outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURTI) occurred in the north area of Jiangsu Province, China. Twenty throat swabs were collected with 13 of them presenting an adenovirus (Ad)-like cytopathogenic effect on HEp-2. These were verified as Ad by the electron microscope, direct immunofluorescence assay and Ad primer-mediated PCR. Moreover, they were identified as adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) by type-specific PCR and sequencing of the amplification products. Subsequent serologic studies were carried out to finally diagnose and document the outbreak. The neutralization test of paired serum of six in nine cases show obviously increased antibodies titers. The positive rate of IgM, IgG and recovery phase neutralization antibodies of the cases were 3.7%, 44.4% and 59.5% respectively while those of the controls were 0%, 8.3% and 33.3% respectively. The values of Chi-Square were 0.510, 0.018 and 0.226 respectively. The concordance between IgG detected by ELISA and neutralization anti bodies detected by the neutralization test was 61.4% and the value of Kappa was 0.070. By the serologic study, we can definitively diagnose that this outbreak of acute respiratory infections was caused by Adenovirus 3.

关键词: Twenty     Adenovirus     cytopathogenic     type-specific     AURTI    

Approaching the upper boundary of driver-response relationships: identifying factors using a novel framework

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1676-2

摘要:

● A novel framework integrating quantile regression with machine learning is proposed.

关键词: Driver-response     Upper boundary of relationship     Interpretable machine learning     Quantile regression     Total phosphorus     Chlorophyll a    

miltiorrhiza pretreatment on the CCK and VIP expression in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion-induced digestive tract

Zhi-Yong ZHANG, Xiao-Ping CHEN, Qi-Ping LU

《医学前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 317-322 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0035-4

摘要: The inhibitory effect of different reperfusion periods 45 min following hepatic ischemia on the expression of cholecystokinin (CCK) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the jejunum and the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza pretreatment were investigated, and the possible mechanism and implications were explored. Eighty rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group (CO group), sham-operated group (SO group), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury group (IR group) and salvia miltiorrhiza pretreatment group (SM group). The rat model of I/R was established by using a non-invasive artery clamp to clip (45 min) or relax the hepatic pedicle. In the SM group, saline (40 mL/kg) and salvia miltiorrhiza injection (6 g/kg) were injected via the tail vein 30 min before clipping the hepatic pedicle. In the SO group only the porta hepatis was dissected after laparotomy without clamping the hepatic pedicle. At 0, 3, 12, 24 and 72 h post-reperfusion, respectively, upper jejunum samples were taken for immunohistochemistry of CCK and VIP. It was found that 0 h after I/R, the expression of CCK and VIP in the upper jejunum was upregulated. With prolongation of the reperfusion period, the expression of CCK and VIP was also increased, reached the peak at the 24th h, and gradually returned to the normal level at the 72nd h after reperfusion. The levels of both CCK and VIP in the SM group were lower than those in the IR group. It is suggested that the digestive tract congestion injury caused by liver ischemia can upregulate the expression of CCK and VIP in the jejunum following reperfusion. Salviae pretreatment can partly reduce the increased expression of CCK and VIP in the jejunum in the same period, which might contribute to the early recovery of gastrointestinal motility.

关键词: hepatic ischemia-reperfusion     digestive tract congestion     cholecystokinin     vasoactive intestinal peptide     salvia miltiorrhiza    

Novel mutation c.1210-3C>G in with a poly-T tract of 5T affects mRNA splicing in a Chinese patient

《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 150-155 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0846-5

摘要: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with only one pathogenic gene cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). To identify the potential pathogenic mutations in a Chinese patient with CF, we conducted Sanger sequencing on the genomic DNA of the patient and his parents and detected all 27 coding exons of CFTR and their flanking intronic regions. The patient is a compound heterozygote of c.2909G>A, p.Gly970Asp in exon 18 and c.1210-3C>G in cis with a poly-T of 5T (T5) sequence, 3 bp upstream in intron 9. The splicing effect of c.1210-3C>G was verified via minigene assay in vitro, indicating that wild-type plasmid containing c.1210-3C together with T7 sequence produced a normal transcript and partial exon 10-skipping-transcript, whereas mutant plasmid containing c.1210-3G in cis with T5 sequence caused almost all mRNA to skip exon 10. Overall, c.1210-3C>G, the newly identified pathogenic mutation in our patient, in combination with T5 sequence in cis, affects the CFTR gene splicing and produces nearly no normal transcript in vitro. Moreover, this patient carries a p.Gly970Asp mutation, thus confirming the high-frequency of this mutation in Chinese patients with CF.

关键词: cystic fibrosis     CFTR     splicing mutation     minigene    

Optimum design and preliminary experiments of a novel parallel end traction apparatus for upper-limb

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第16卷 第4期   页码 726-746 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0651-5

摘要: Robot-assisted technology has been increasingly employed in the therapy of post stroke patients to deliver high-quality treatment and alleviate therapists’ burden. This paper introduces a novel parallel end traction apparatus (PETA) to supplement equipment selection. Considering the appearance and performance of the PETA, two types of special five-bar linkage mechanisms are selected as the potential configurations of the actuation execution unit because of their compact arrangement and parallel structure. Kinematic analysis of each mechanism, i.e., position solutions and Jacobian matrix, is carried out. Subsequently, a comparative study between the two mechanisms is conducted. In the established source of nondimensional parameter synthesis, the singularity, maximum continuous workspace, and performance variation trends are analyzed. Based on the evaluation results, the final scheme with determined configuration and corresponding near-optimized nondimensional parameters is obtained. Then, a prototype is constructed. By adding a lockable translational degree of freedom in the vertical direction, the PETA can provide 2D planar exercise and 3D spatial exercise. Finally, a control system is developed for passive exercise mode based on the derived inverse position solution, and preliminary experiments are performed to verify the applicability of the PETA.

关键词: parallel mechanism     upper-limb rehabilitation     singularity and workspace analyses     performance evaluation     optimum design    

Regeneration of vernacular architecture: new rammed earth houses on the upper reaches of the Yangtze

Jiaping LIU, Rongrong HU, Liu YANG, Runshan WANG,

《能源前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 93-99 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0002-4

摘要: In rural areas of western China, most of the vernacular architectures are made of earth. In the process of urbanization, few residents like to build their houses with earth because the old traditional earth house cannot meet their requirement for higher standard of living. As a result, much more energy will be consumed if industrial building materials are used instead of earth. The regeneration of the traditional earth house, therefore, becomes a challenge in new village construction. This paper briefly describes a project about creating a new prototype of earth house for the migrants along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to shed light on finding an appropriate approach for regenerating the traditional earth houses with the concept of low-energy housing. It includes an investigation of the traditional earth house and the environment condition of the new settlement, the new house design process, and the quantitative evaluation of the living quality of the new house.

关键词: earth house     low-energy housing     upper reaches of the Yangtze River     passive solar technique    

Oral product input to the GI tract: GIS an oral product performance technology

Gordon L. Amidon, Yasuhiro Tsume

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 516-520 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1658-7

摘要: The patient receives a pharmaceutical product, not a drug. The pharmaceutical products are formulated with a drug, an active ingredient to produce the maximum therapeutic effect after oral absorption. Therefore, it is the product we must optimize for the patients. In order to assure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products, we need an predictive tool for oral product performance in patients. Currently, we are a surprisingly long way from accomplishing that objective. If the 20th century was the ‘age of the drug’, i.e., the ‘magic bullet’, the 21st century must become the ‘age of the guided missile’, i.e., the delivery system, including the form of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) (‘drug’). The physical form of the drug and the delivery system must be optimized to maximize the therapeutic benefits of pharmaceutical products for humans. Oral immediate release (IR) dosage forms cannot be optimal for all drugs or likely even any drugs (APIs). Still, the formulation of pharmaceutical products has to be optimized for patients. But how do we optimize oral delivery of drugs? It is usually through ‘trial and error’, in humans! We need a better way to optimize the oral dosage forms. We have suggested to select different dissolution methodologies for this optimization based on BCS Subclasses. In this article, we present the predicted drug dissolution profile of ketoconazole as a model drug from our laboratory utilizing a gastrointestinal simulator (GIS), which is an adaptation of the ASD system. GIS consists of three chambers representing stomach, duodenum, and jejunum, to create the human gastrointestinal tract-like environment and enable the control the gastric emptying rate. This dissolution system allows the monitoring of the drug dissolution phenomena and the observation of the supersaturation and the precipitation of pharmaceutical products, which is useful information to predict dissolution of pharmaceutical products. This system can provide the actual input needed to accurately predict the input into the systemic circulation required by many of the absorption prediction packages available today.

关键词: GIS     in vivo predictive dissolution     ketoconazole     BCS subclassification     supersaturation    

Design and preliminary evaluation of an exoskeleton for upper limb resistance training

Tzong-Ming WU, Dar-Zen CHEN

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第7卷 第2期   页码 188-198 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0327-2

摘要:

Resistance training is a popular form of exercise recommended by national health organizations, such as the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the American Heart Association (AHA). This form of training is available for most populations. A compact design of upper limb exoskeleton mechanism for home-based resistance training using a spring-loaded upper limb exoskeleton with a three degree-of-freedom shoulder joint and a one degree-of-freedom elbow joint allows a patient or a healthy individual to move the upper limb with multiple joints in different planes. It can continuously increase the resistance by adjusting the spring length to train additional muscle groups and reduce the number of potential injuries to upper limb joints caused by the mass moment of inertia of the training equipment. The aim of this research is to perform a preliminary evaluation of the designed function by adopting an appropriate motion analysis system and experimental design to verify our prototype of the exoskeleton and determine the optimal configuration of the spring-loaded upper limb exoskeleton.

关键词: exoskeleton     free-weight exercise     upper limb     motion analysis    

Knockdown of RFC4 inhibits the cell proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and

《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 132-142 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0938-x

摘要: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that mainly occurs in East and Southeast Asia. Although patients benefit from the main NPC treatments (e.g., radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy), persistent and recurrent diseases still occur in some NPC patients. Therefore, investigating the pathogenesis of NPC is of great clinical significance. In the present study, replication factor c subunit 4 (RFC4) is a key potential target involved in NPC progression via bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, the expression and mechanism of RFC4 in NPC were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Our results revealed that RFC4 was more elevated in NPC tumor tissues than in normal tissues. RFC4 knockdown induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and inhibited NPC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, HOXA10 was confirmed as a downstream target of RFC4, and the overexpression of HOXA10 attenuated the silencing of RFC4-induced cell proliferation, colony formation inhibition, and cell cycle arrest. For the first time, this study reveals that RFC4 is required for NPC cell proliferation and may play a pivotal role in NPC tumorigenesis.

关键词: nasopharyngeal carcinoma     WGCNA     RFC4     proliferation    

EEG controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the upper limb for stroke patients

Hock Guan TAN, Cheng Yap SHEE, Keng He KONG, Cuntai GUAN, Wei Tech ANG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第6卷 第1期   页码 71-81 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0207-1

摘要:

This paper describes the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system and the experiments to allow post-acute (<3 months) stroke patients to use electroencephalogram (EEG) to trigger neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)-assisted extension of the wrist/fingers, which are essential pre-requisites for useful hand function. EEG was recorded while subjects performed motor imagery of their paretic limb, and then analyzed to determine the optimal frequency range within the -rhythm, with the greatest attenuation. Aided by visual feedback, subjects then trained to regulate their -rhythm EEG to operate the BCI to trigger NMES of the wrist/finger. 6 post-acute stroke patients successfully completed the training, with 4 able to learn to control and use the BCI to initiate NMES. This result is consistent with the reported BCI literacy rate of healthy subjects. Thereafter, without the loss of generality, the controller of the NMES is developed and is based on a model of the upper limb muscle (biceps/triceps) groups to determine the intensity of NMES required to flex or extend the forearm by a specific angle. The muscle model is based on a phenomenological approach, with parameters that are easily measured and conveniently implemented.

关键词: brain computer interface     neuromuscular electrical stimulation     stroke     musculoskeletal modeling    

CFD Simulation of thermal hydraulic characteristics in a typical upper plenum of RPV

Mingjun WANG, Lianfa WANG, Yingjie WANG, Wenxi TIAN, Jian DENG, Guanghui SU, Suizheng QIU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 930-945 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0728-1

摘要: A comparative computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was conducted on the three different types of pressurized water reactor (PWR) upper plenum, named TYPE 1 (support columns (SCs) and control rod guide tubes (CRGTs) with two large windows), TYPE 2 (SCs and CRGTs without windows), and TYPE 3 (two parallel perforated barrel shells and CRGTs). First, three types of upper plenum geometry information were collected, simplified, and adopted into the BORA facility, which is a 1/5 scale system of the four-loop PWR reactor. Then, the geometry, including the upper half core, upper plenum region, and hot legs, was built using the platform. After that, an unsteady calculation to simulate the reactor balance operation at hot full power scenario was performed. Finally, the differences of flowrate distribution at the core outlet and temperature distribution and transverse velocity inside the hot legs with different upper plenum internals were compared. The results suggest that TYPE 1 upper plenum internals cause the largest flowrate difference at the core outlet while TYPE 3 leads to the most even distributed flowrate. The distribution and evolution pattern of the tangential velocity inside hot legs is highly dependent on the upper plenum internals. Two counter-rotating swirls exist inside the TYPE 1 hot leg and only one swirl revolving around the hog leg axis exist inside the TYPE 2 hot leg. For TYPE 3, two swirls like that of TYPE 1 rotating around the hot leg axis significantly increase the temperature homogenization speed. This research provides meaningful guidelines for the future optimization and design of advanced PWR upper plenum internal structures.

关键词: pressurized water reactor (PWR)     upper plenum     internal structures     temperature distribution     computational fluid dynamics (CFD)    

The impact of hypoxia in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 33-41 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0301-3

摘要:

Hypoxia is a common phenomenon in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hypoxia stabilizes transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), to activate gene transcription. Expression of HIF is closely associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in HCC. HIF mediates expression of genes that are involved in every step of HCC metastasis including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion of the extracellular matrix, intravasation, extravasation, and secondar y growth of the metastases. Because HIF is the central regulator of HCC metastasis, HIF inhibitors are attractive tools when used alone or as combined treatment to curb HCC metastasis. This review will summarize the current findings on the impact of hypoxia/HIF in HCC, with a particular focus on cancer metastasis.

关键词: hypoxia     hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)     metastasis     hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)    

Upper bound solution to seismic active earth pressure of submerged backfill subjected to partial drainage

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1480-1493 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0776-y

摘要: In waterfront geotechnical engineering, seismic and drainage conditions must be considered in the design of retaining structures. This paper proposes a general analytical method to evaluate the seismic active earth pressure on a retaining wall with backfill subjected to partial steady seepage flow under seismic conditions. The method comprises the following steps: i) determination of the total head, ii) upper bound solution of seismic active earth thrust, and iii) deduction for the earth pressure distribution. The determination of total head h(x,z) relies on the Fourier series expansions, and the expressions of the seismic active earth thrust and pressure are derived by using the upper bound theorem. Parametric studies reveal that insufficient drainage and earthquakes are crucial factors that cause unfavorable earth pressure. The numerical results confirm the validity of the total head distribution. Comparisons indicate that the proposed method is consistent with other relevant existing methods in terms of predicting seismic active earth pressure. The method can be applied to the seismic design of waterfront retaining walls.

关键词: seismic active earth pressure     partial seepage flow     pore pressure     anisotropy     upper bound theorem    

Seepage analysis of Upper Gotvand Dam concerning gypsum karstification (2D and 3D approaches)

Jamshid SADREKARIMI, Majid KIYANI, Behnam FAKHRI, Mohammad Javad VAHDATIRAD, Amin BARARI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 71-78 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0083-5

摘要: Upper Gotvand Dam is constructed on the Karun River at the south west of Iran. In this paper, 2D and 3D models of the dam together with the foundation and abutments were established, and several seepage analyses were carried out. Then, the gypsum veins that are scattered throughout the foundation ground were included in the models, and the seepage pattern, considering the dissolution law of gypsum, was analyzed. It was disclosed that the discharge fluxes obtained from 2D and 3D analyses are not similar, and the discharge flux in 3D model is about four times that of the 2D model. Also, the 3D model locates the phreatic surface somewhat higher than the 2D model. This means that the 2D model estimates lower pore water pressure pattern in comparison with the 3D model. These may be attributed to the fact that with 2D model the lateral components of vectors of seepage velocity are ignored. In the current case, the rate of increase of discharge flux due to dissolution of gypsum veins was obtained to be a third-order function of the aperture width. In spite of the fact that the grout curtain is designed to be about 170 m deep, however, complete dissolve of gypsum will severely increase the discharge flux through the foundation ground.

关键词: Upper Gotvand Dam     seepage analysis     gypsum veins     3D model     discharge flux    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Expression status of GATA3 and mismatch repair proteins in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Yue Wang, Jinxia Zhang, Yunfan Wang, Shufang Wang, Yu Zhang, Qi Miao, Fei Gao, Huiying He

期刊论文

Serologic study on the outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections caused by adenovirus 3

JIANG Lufang, JU Liwen, LIN Yuzun, ZHOU Liandi, YU Shunzhang, JIANG Qingwu, JIANG Renjie

期刊论文

Approaching the upper boundary of driver-response relationships: identifying factors using a novel framework

期刊论文

miltiorrhiza pretreatment on the CCK and VIP expression in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion-induced digestive tract

Zhi-Yong ZHANG, Xiao-Ping CHEN, Qi-Ping LU

期刊论文

Novel mutation c.1210-3C>G in with a poly-T tract of 5T affects mRNA splicing in a Chinese patient

期刊论文

Optimum design and preliminary experiments of a novel parallel end traction apparatus for upper-limb

期刊论文

Regeneration of vernacular architecture: new rammed earth houses on the upper reaches of the Yangtze

Jiaping LIU, Rongrong HU, Liu YANG, Runshan WANG,

期刊论文

Oral product input to the GI tract: GIS an oral product performance technology

Gordon L. Amidon, Yasuhiro Tsume

期刊论文

Design and preliminary evaluation of an exoskeleton for upper limb resistance training

Tzong-Ming WU, Dar-Zen CHEN

期刊论文

Knockdown of RFC4 inhibits the cell proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and

期刊论文

EEG controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the upper limb for stroke patients

Hock Guan TAN, Cheng Yap SHEE, Keng He KONG, Cuntai GUAN, Wei Tech ANG

期刊论文

CFD Simulation of thermal hydraulic characteristics in a typical upper plenum of RPV

Mingjun WANG, Lianfa WANG, Yingjie WANG, Wenxi TIAN, Jian DENG, Guanghui SU, Suizheng QIU

期刊论文

The impact of hypoxia in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis

null

期刊论文

Upper bound solution to seismic active earth pressure of submerged backfill subjected to partial drainage

期刊论文

Seepage analysis of Upper Gotvand Dam concerning gypsum karstification (2D and 3D approaches)

Jamshid SADREKARIMI, Majid KIYANI, Behnam FAKHRI, Mohammad Javad VAHDATIRAD, Amin BARARI

期刊论文